Plasma Membrane: Structure and Function

Plasma Membrane: Structure and Function BENJAMIN  NHANDARA Explain the structure and function of the cell and the plasma membrane to include the division of labour and explanation of transport across the plasma membrane. All living things are made up of small blocks known as cells. These cells play a big role in the existence of all living things even though we cannot see the cells with our naked eyes. After we have a good look at the functions of a cell and all the organelles found in them we will have an understanding on the big role played by these minute organelles. Small blocks known as cells make up all living things. The cells that we will be looking at today are the eukaryotic cells. In the eukaryotic cells are tiny cellular structures known as organelles that perform unique specific functions in order to keep the cell alive. To help us better understand and explain what really happens in a cell we can look at a country like the UK. In the UK they are different government departments, organisations and sectors that work together for the good of the country. UK in this case may be likened to a cell and the organisations, departments, sectors will represent the organelles. In order to separate the inside of a cell from its environment the cell is surrounded by a membrane that acts as a protector for the organelles. All membranes are permeable to regulate the transport of materials in and out of the cell through small pore (Sue Hocking,2008). The largest organelle in the cell is called the nucleus and it is surrounded by a nuclear envelope which is a double layered structure made of two adjacent membranes. The envelope has pores which enable communication between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The nucleus is the control centre of a cell where all instructions are passed on to other organelles. Just like the parliament of the UK we could agree that it also has a similar duty to pass all legislation of the land and assess all laws to ensure a good and safe life for its citizen. The nucleus contains coded genetic information in the form of DNA molecules which are involved in the synthesis of proteins (Ann Fullick et al.,2015). The DNA detects what the cell is going to do and how it will do it. Inside the nucleus is a dense ,spherical structure known as the nucleolus which is responsible for the production of ribosomes. The nucleolus is like a factory. Ribosomes according to Gareth Williams (2000),are tiny organelles that are found in large numbers in a cell. They have a diameter of about 20nm. They attach themselves to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) after leaving the nucleus and this is known as the rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER). There is another type of endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes known as smooth endoplasmic reticulum, the other ribosomes float freely in the jelly like fluid known as cytoplasm. Enzymes are synthesised in the cytoplasm by the ribosomes. While the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum is producing and packaging proteins. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum produces lipids and steroids. The synthesis of a protein shows the division of labour in a cell.   Ã‚   We also have some organelles that were first observed by the Italian scientist Camillo Golgi. These organelles are known as golgi, they appear as stacks of flattened sacs. Assembling glycoproteins such as mucin by combining protein and carbohydrates. The golgi also produces digestive enzymes and the formation of lysosomes. Lysosomes are spherical sacs surrounded by a single membrane and they contain some powerful digestive enzymes that help in breaking down materials(Micheal Kent 2000). Organelles in a Eukaryotic cell Fig 1 (www.enhantedlearning.com) As evident in fig 1,we also have the mitochondria organelles which are important in the synthesis of energy in the form of ATP by a process called Respiration. This energy is made available to the cell in molecular structure. Active cells will normally have a lot of mitochondria available. C J Clegg(2000) says the mitochondria are relatively large organelles and has a double membrane, the inner forms many folds called cristae. Entry and exit of all materials is controlled by the outer membrane , as the movement of people is also controlled by the boarders that are in place. Cell membrane are present in all cells and they facilitate the movement of substances into and out of the cell. It also goes on to provide protection for the cell. According to Ann Fullick(2000) all cell membranes are made up of two main molecules which are the lipids and proteins. These molecules react differently as the head is hyrophilic(water loving) while the tail is hydrophobic (water-hating). Cell membranes are selectively permeable meaning they let in some molecules and keep others out Below is a diagram of a phosopholipid bilayer in Fig 2 AN IMAGE OF A PHOSOPHOLIPID BILAYER Fig 2(The Science of Biology,2007) C J Clegg (2000) says materials that go through the membrane will use the basic types of cellular transport which are available which are passive transportation(no energy needed) and active transport(energy needed). In passive transport we have diffusion(movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration),facilitated diffusion is also movement of particles from high to low area of concentration but this type of diffusion uses a transport protein. Osmosis also falls under the passive transport(special type of diffusion involving water molecules). In this type of transport the cell does not need energy. The second type of transport is called active transport(cell needs energy ). In active transport energy is needed as the molecules will be moving from an area of low concentration to an area high concentration. Endocytosis is the movement of large particles or fluids through the membrane into the cytoplasm of a cell(Bill Indge,2000). Exocytosis is the movement of particles from inside the cell. Finally we have protein pumps that are integral membrane protein that are capable of transporting protons across membranes. The cell plays an important role in all living things despite the fact that it is so small and also we have seen that the cell has many organelles which are present to carry out different and unique functions in order to keep the cell alive. Without cells there is no life. SECTION 2 1a) The cell is a eukaryote because the cell has a nucleus that contains DNA. b) Magnification = Image size Image size = 81mm x 1000 = 81 000 µm Actual size Magnification = 4 500 Image = 18mm x 1000 = 18 000 µm Actual = 4 µm Actual Image = 81 000 M = 18 000 4 500 4 = 4 500 = 18  µm The actual width of the cell is = 18 µm c) Magnification = Image size Actual size Image size = 81mm x 1000 = 81 000 µm Actual size = 4 µm 2. Magnification = Image size Image size = 81mm x 1000 = 81 000 µm Actual size Actual size = 20 µm Magnification = 81 000 20 = 4 500 Actual size for structure c = Image size Magnification Image size = 15mm x 1000 = 15 000 µm Actual size = 15 000 Magnification 4 050 = 3,7 µm REFERENCES Ann Fullick, (2000) Heinemann Advanced Science, Biology. 2nd ed, Oxon:Heinemann Educational. Ann Fullick, Paul Bircher, and Jo Locke. (2015) A Level Biology For OCR, London: Oxford University Press C J Clegg and D G Mackean, (2000) Advanced Biology Principles and Applictions 2nd ed, London : John Murray C J Clegg, (2000) Introduction To Advanced Biology. London: John Murray Gareth Williams, (2000) Advanced Biology For You, London: Stanley Thornes Sue Hocking, Pete Kennedy, Frank Sochacki.(2008) OCR Biology, Essex: OCR Heinemann

Ethical Practices of Computer and Internet Technology

Computer and Internet technology use In the workplace gives rise to questionable ethical practices among employees as well as managers. For the last three (plus) decades the increasing availability and advances in technology has improved productivity; however the use of computers and Internet in the workplace leads to temptation to misuse the resource for personal gain.Employees and managers accessing private employee information for personal gain, improper data access to hose who are not privy to it and software copying were a few of the concerns discussed in the 30 year old article Computer Ethics: Questions Arise on Misuse in Business (Pollack, 1983). The social media boom of the last decade has brought with It additional questionable ethical violations In the workplace. Time stealing Is discussed in the New York Times online article Opting to Blow the Whistle or Choosing to Walk Away (Tugged, 2013).It states, â€Å"According to the Ethics Resource Center, a nonprofit research or ganization, the No. Misconduct observed ? by a third of 4,800 respondents ? was misuse of company time† (Tugged, 2013 Para. 4). Eric Swenson discusses the stealing of time through excessive personal use of Internet streaming and social media in his video Business Ethics & Stealing Time, by Eric Swenson, Demand Media Video (Swenson, n. D. ). In the words of Eric Swenson, misuse of company time Is time stealing. According to a study conducted by Eric Swenson, â€Å"The average employee in a white collar business spends 3. Hours daily on personal internet usage† (Swenson, n. D. ) However, he broaches the question does this matter? He calls the workers of the present and future, 2020 to be exact, â€Å"millennial employees who want to be connected and be Involved socially' (Swenson, n. D. ) Swenson states that employees now want to be online streaming videos, media, and music. Is this the way people work today? The consideration he gives is that he is more concerned about the productivity of the employee versus the exact method or use of time that it takes to get the work accomplished.My conclusion Is there Is definitely an ethical line to be drawn in personal use of computers and Internet technology within the work place. I would ascertain that if privacy is violated for personal gain or technology or work product is stolen as stated in the first article, it is most definitely ethical violation. As far time stealing, where the line gets fuzzier, It should be Judged on whether the time spent on Internet or social media has any impact on the productivity of the employee or benefit to their specific job.

Want to Know More About Medical School Personal Essay Samples?

Want to Know More About Medical School Personal Essay Samples? What to Expect From Medical School Personal Essay Samples? This activity is known as mounting a horse'' during which the individual loses consciousness and the body gets temporarily possessed by means of a loa. Compartmentalise ok, and therefore you don't think your very first exercise went so well. After every exercise, you will be requested to complete a quick form reflecting on your performance in that endeavor, saying what you believe you did well and what you might have done better. Additionally, it states ways to get started, what things to cover in the human body and the way to end it perfectly to leave a very good impression. Be respectful of time and always send thank you notes, but generally speaking, make the most of the chance to learn from a number of the top men and women in public health on earth. Therefore, in hip-hop, individuals are still creating a vocabulary of musical ideas. And, should you do a bit of research, you'll be able find out that a number of the words haven't been properly put into the context of the sentence. Be balanced while you ought to be clear on your preferred option throughout, you should provide equal weight and words to every alternative. Gossip, Lies and Medical School Personal Essay Samples Writing a graduate Admissions Essay is among the most crucial tasks any student could possibly face. A well-written college entrance essay will not merely make it possible for you to demonstrate they don't help members of the. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. They are always concerned about the price when medical school goals essa y they decide to hire a paper writing service. It's possible to come across online writing workshops that cover every facet of writing, for each skill level. A seasoned professional will make an error-free assignment very quickly and can help you boost your grades. If you're struggling with writing essays and wish to boost your skills, taking a course or workshop can be exceedingly beneficial. There's a frequent tendency among the applicants to display their GRE vocabulary whilst writing SOP. Help writing an essay for college matter what's the subject of your essay of how hard it is. Are you searching for essay help at the moment. A wonderful essay will be able to help you get accepted to your dream school. Writing a strong essay might not be your specialty, but it's a crucial part of the college entrance practice. What Medical School Personal Essay Samples Is - and What it Is Not My plan isn't the secret Coca-Cola formula. You could also get in touch with your writer to supply some added recommendations or request information regarding the order's progress. Early research and application is critical. In any case, you'll certainly like our price policy. There are a lot of things to consider and most importantly, is the trustworthiness of the service you decide to use. The best method to do it is to ensure you never use any direct details that you find, instead employing the info found in the samples in your words. Ally you need to do is to correctly submit your order instructions and produce the payment. There are a lot of reasons why you need to prefer our services. The Hidden Facts on Medical School Personal Essay Samples When the presentation is done, jot down what you believe you did well and what you feel you could improve on. Academic papers cannot contain any signals of plagiarism. Nowadays it's quite hard to locate a trustworthy essay writing service. A mediocre essay can give rise to rejection. In spite of exceptional grades a poorly written essay will offer you a lousy name. Writing quality essays is the principal use of our services. With advice on how to compose an effective essay, what things to include and avoid, and which essay questions it's possible to anticipate, this collection will allow you to compose an essay that sets you apart. There are a couple of diverse sources that you'll find available for sample paper research. As soon as you inform us about all of the paper information, we'll begin trying to find an ideal writer for your paper. Fantastic selection of paper writing guides and completely free samples. The most frequently encountered paper writing service that the majority of our clients require is essay writing. Anyway, you can read the testimonials of our clients. The actual folks highly praise our essay help site. We always serve our clients.

In Refutation To Locke’S State Of Nature Argument, We Can

In refutation to Locke’s state of nature argument, we can look towards Hobbes, Rousseau, and Mill to provide us with insightful objections. It can be claimed that first society should not have the right to self-determination but instead the right to self preserve, that property rights are social institutions and not inherent natural rights, and finally that not everyone in society is guaranteed property rights. Firstly, Locke believed in a system of justice that was based on freedom, self-governing, and the ideology that all people are naturally good. Hobbes would explain that Locke’s arguments are inherently flawed in that he doesn’t recognize that we are constantly in a state of war. This natural state of humanity or state of war is†¦show more content†¦Democracy can and never will be the answer for our society, because we would never be able to restrain the violence of human nature, ultimately leading to death and war. The only way we can peacefully preserve ourselves is to erect a common power and give our rights over to someone who can take action on behalf of the whole. This individual would be the sovereign and would govern as the unification of our rights and desires. The sovereign would have no obligations to the subject, but must uphold the subject’s rights. Hobbes states in the Leviathan selection 3, â€Å"The obligation of subjects to the sovereign , is understood to last as long, and no longer, than the power lasteth, by which he is able to protect them† (Hobbes, 147). If the rights of the people are violated, the sovereign’s power would become invalid. If we were to give up our right to self-governance, along with everyone else, and sign the social contract, we would be able to achieve a better and more prosperous freedom than Locke under his state of nature. Next, under Locke’s state of nature, he also places a heavy emphasis on extensive rights, including property rights. He believed that self-determination implied private property rights and that human life without property is not free. In refutation to thisShow MoreRelated John Locke’s Views on Property and Liberty, as Outlined in His Second Treatise of Government4596 Words   |  19 PagesJohn Locke’s Views on Property and Liberty, as Outlined in His Second Treatise of Government John Locke’s views on property and liberty, as outlined in his Second Treatise of Government (1690), have had varying interpretations and treatments by subsequent generations of authors. At one extreme, Locke has been claimed as one of the early originators of Western liberalism, who had sought to lay the foundations for civil government, based on universal consent and the natural rights of individuals

The Impact Of Job Enrichment On Motivation And Communication

The ever changing and evolving medical field creates a need for a business culture that is ready and prepared to adapt and maximize efficiencies to keep up with the industry. The shift to electronic charts and the boom of mobile devices and email have created tasks and roles that were not taken into account in previous managerial designs. Tasks and responsibilities need to be managed in a way to keep employees engaged and motivated so they can complete all that is necessary. As the case study suggested, working harder is not a long term strategy, working smarter must eventually be the long term goal to survive (Layman, 2011). In this report the principles of goal setting, principles of job enrichment, outcomes of job enrichment and the impact of job enrichment on motivation and communication, will all be discussed as they pertain to the case study written by Layman titled, Job Redesign for Expanded HIM functions. The principles of goal setting are applied in this case in four stages, re-engineering, restructuring, work redesign and job redesign. Re-engineering focuses on systems and helping them to move and function as smoothly as possible. Restructuring refers to the organizational structure. The main goal is to increase efficiency, so the departments can work smarter and not harder. The work redesign is the change of products and services in order to meet the new needs of the ever changing market. Job redesign is modifying or eliminating certain tasks to fit the needs ofShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Job Enrichment On Motivation And Communication889 Words   |  4 Pageshave to be implemented. My case analysis will involve answering four questions. How are the principles of goal setting applied in the case? How are the principles of job enrichment applied in this case? What were the outcomes of job enrichment in the HIS Departments? What was the impact of job enrichment on motivation and co mmunication in the HIS department? The first thing we will examine if the principle of goal setting and how it is applied is this case. Goals give an organization a visionRead MoreCurrent Practice With Organizational Goals And Changes Within Today s Health Information Services Departments Essay920 Words   |  4 Pagesmust compare current practice with organizational goals to determine if work flows must be changed (Layman, E., 2016). As most new tasks start out not as new jobs, but rather enrichment or enlargement of other jobs, managers must look for indicators that these additions are not causing negative consequences (Layman, E., 2016). While job enrichment can be cause for many positive outcomes, negative results can signal a need for redesign of the work process. The entire article calls for a process of goalRead MoreThe Principles Of Job Enrichment1059 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle by Elizabeth Layman on Job redesign in Health Information Services (HIS) Departments. A few aspects which shall be explored are the principles of job enrichment applied in this case, the principles of goal setting applied in this case, the outcomes of job enrichment in the HIS Departments and the impact of job enrichment on motivation and communication in the HIS Departments. Before commencing it is necessary to define some of the terms used in the introduction. Job design â€Å"is the specificationRead MoreAnalysis Of Elizabeth Grammar On Job Redesign1064 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: JOB ENRICHMENT 1 Analysis of Case Study by Elizabeth Layman on Job Redesign University of the People JOB ENRICHMENT 2 Introduction Job design is a tool meant to work as motivator for employees. It is meant to increase job satisfaction and commitment. By the same token, it is meant to decrease turnover and absenteeism (Carpenter, M., Taylor, B., Erdogan, B., 2009). Elizabeth Layman offers a broader perspective on how job redesign changed the working environment in the Health InformationRead MoreHealth Information Systems : Job Redesign Essay908 Words   |  4 PagesInformation Systems) job redesign. The study urged managers to evaluate and redesign, if needed, the jobs of health care professionals. Layman points out that these jobs have gradually changed over time. Extra tasks have been added on to the duties of current employees and many are now over-worked. For example, the conversion of paper to electronic health records created 29 new roles for employees (Layman, 2011). Not surprisingly, excessive workloads are having a negative impact on HIS DepartmentsRead MoreImproving The Organizational Structure O f A Job Redesign816 Words   |  4 Pagescontrary, working smarter is an alternative to work overload by implementing a job redesign or also known as job enrichment. The following questions are answered below. How are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? For the HIS Department, the goal is job redesign, in order to comply with the high demand of converting paper charts to electronic records. The goals are to re-engineer, restructure, work redesign and job redesign the entire organization. Re-engineering is when leaders examinesRead MoreThe Principles Of Job Enrichment914 Words   |  4 Pagesthere is much information to be gained on their use of Goal Setting and Job Design within the Expanded HIM Functions of the health care delivery system. Within this analysis I will be going over how the principles of goal setting were applied to this case, how the principles of job enrichment applied to this case, the outcomes of job enrichment, and finally the impact that the job enrichment had on motivation and communication within the HIM Departments. With answering the first question that wasRead MoreThe Principles Of Goal Setting1127 Words   |  5 Pagesimplemented five specific goals. . These goals simplify the culture of goal setting in this organization. One reason behind the success of HIS Department is the regular adaptation to change in work ethics. In other words, HIS Department engages in job redesign to meet the needs of clients and employees. Besides the goal setting culture in HIS Department, other factor affects work; these factors include department-specific or industry wide, and technology. However, in HIS Department, setting and implementingRead MoreThe Health Information Services And Employees958 Words   |  4 Pagesemployees’ job description and can lead them to feel that they are performing tasks that diverge from their work design. They can also lead to an â€Å"alteration of work and jobs to the point of distortions, fragmentation, and overload.† (Layman, 2011). Managers and leaders can study on 4 different levels their departments’ alignment to achieve organizational goals. These levels are re-engineering, restructuring, work redesign, and job redesign (Layman, 2011). Job enrichment falls into the job redesignRead MoreThe Principles Of Goal Setting Applied989 Words   |  4 Pagesprocess and work dynamics of jobs and responsibilities. These include the hard side of organizational theory dynamics—including specialization, departmentalization, unity of command, and span of control, soft side of organizational behavior and employee motivation (Layman, 2011)—including nature and type of job tasks, jobs’ characteristics and demands, and their contextual factors (Layman, 2011) which help organizations to effectively align its strategic values with the job and work redesign models.

Leadership Empowerment Principle Free Essays

The leader manifests an important role in each group or organization. He has the main objective of directing and leading the group towards the effective and efficient accomplishment and achievement of their tasks and common interest. He acts as the mediator and the source of power or command inside the group or organization for the management aspect of the diversity, individuality, and unity of each member for the processing and delegation of their different tasks and responsibilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Empowerment Principle or any similar topic only for you Order Now In general, the leader manifest as the core and central unit of the group making his the head element towards the realization and achievement of their common interest. In the contemporary perspective of group management, the aspect of leadership can be achieve and realize inside the group through different approaches each focusing on a certain aspect in the said aspect. Each leader is uniquely characterized by their specific style and nature of approach towards their purpose inside the group or organization. Every particular leader particularly focuses on a specific element on his leadership style which he views to be important and beneficial to the agenda of managing his group. This certain leadership style can be acknowledged through the realization of the elements he employs in managing his group and its influence to the effectiveness of their organization. In the aspect of realizing the leadership style for self-assessment, the author of this paper particularly examined specific points and elements for the assessment of his leadership style and the effectiveness of his approach. Based form the specific element highlighted in his approach, the author of this paper has realized the certain qualities in his leadership approach and the specific aspect he needs further development for greater effectiveness. From this assessment, the author of this paper has particularly learned the certain strength in his qualities namely the Chain of Command approach in leadership. In this quality, the author of this paper acknowledges that he finds certain strength in developing a sole authority for decision making and setting himself apart from the group for the chain of command. Through which that he is able to effectively manage his member and delegate the specific tasks necessary in their process. As also viewed in this assessment, the author of this paper also expresses interest in developing on the qualities of the centralized leadership particularly on developing group communication elements necessary for this approach. This leader particularly sees an opening for improvement in this aspect to develop an organization environment wherein he is a member but also the leader that directs everyone’s activities. Further on assessment, the author of this paper realizes that his style is best characterized as a partnership approach towards group management wherein aside from being the one with sole authority, he is also the supporter, coach and facilitator for each member’s activities. His style is to communicate and coordinate the activity of the group through imposing several tasks and responsibilities for each member particularly on the decision-making aspect. Thus, each member has their own tasks, responsibility, and specific decision taking part as co-leaders and members in the group. In particular, the author of this paper has the style of sharing the responsibility with the members and acting out as the supporter and facilitator for them. This style is also manifested by the author of this paper as part of his interest of developing a highly empowered leadership style in the group wherein the members are self-directed and has the full ownership of their tasks and most aspect of their jobs. The current approach of the author of this paper is mainly included as the initial step in developing the said approach wherein he is training the member to become independent on their responsibilities with the leader acting as the supporter and the coordinator for the organization tasks. This is mainly implemented on the interest of focusing more attention to the external forces and elements in the group as the members have already became self-directed and responsible for their group activity. Indeed, the leadership style and approach of each person is important as the effectiveness and efficiency of this aspect and the entire group process relies on the management and directing approach of their leader. Each style or approach has its respective element which is highlighted in the process towards the development of its effective application in the group. The effectiveness of this style relies on the characterizing factors and elements of the group, the issues that the organization must face, and the application approach of the leader which must be inclined towards the achievement and realization of the common good and interest of the entire organization. Bibliography Ohio Literacy Resources Center. Transformative Leadership: Leadership Development. http://literacy.kent.edu/Oasis/Leadership/over2.htm#lead. November 30, 2007. Â   How to cite Leadership Empowerment Principle, Essay examples

Online Booking Systems for Takeaway

Question: Write an Essay about Online Booking Systems for Takeaway? Answer: Introduction The system of online management of restaurant has been developed for the sole purpose of better administration techniques which has the ultimate goal of satisfying the customer with its better provision of services by enabling online ordering for takeaways as well as reservations in restaurants. Most of the restaurants face the problem of ordering as well as reservation of table, as the manual booking of customer often causes confusion and difficulty for the waiters to keep record of the correct customer information and also loss of customer information sometimes. Therefore the online systems help the restaurant management system as well as the restaurant administrator to manage the reservation as well as the takeaway system properly. The system should not only be useful for the restaurants but also for the customers as they are the ones ordering food and hence the system should be easy to use by any customer who wants to order food (Queyranne and Ball, n.d.). The Complications Most of the restaurants I recent times manage their business in manual form through the customer ordering. The waiter might collect the information in a piece of paper and sometimes may lose the information regarding the order due to some unforced errors, this might lead to the destruction of the reputation of the restaurant due to such faults or complications. Even the waiter information system includes the use of manual written records which is quite often very difficult for the restaurant administrator to search for the schedule as well as the personal information regarding the staff as well as the customer of the restaurant which is often very important for future reference and marketing or retainment of the customers. Even the management of the menu for the restaurants by the waiter manually is very difficult as it is the menu which might be viewed by the customers. Therefore due to these reasons the present style of management of menus, waiter information, and takeaway menu inf ormation by the restaurants is becoming difficult day by day (Piolatto, n.d.). The Relationship Between The Customers And The Restaurant In any form of restaurant there are two types of customers, one who takeaway the food and the other who come over for dine in. In this report our main aim is about the takeaway process of online dining in any restaurant. The design of the online menu should be such that the customers can chose their food through the online menu and also order the food without reserving a table. The customer can not only order the food online but also can chose the date and time of takeaway when they might be needing it. The customer in most cases has to select the menu and order the food at least an hour before the time of delivery. The entire system will be maintained by the administrator who will be given the responsibility of maintenance and control of the entire system. The administrator is responsible for the entry of new customer list, new waiter list as well as the update of the menu into the online database of the restaurant (Gaynor and Brown, 2012). Deliverables Of The Online System The flow of the activity regarding the online process has the following types of deliverables like in terms of online ordering of the customer, feedback module, and reservation module, registration of the customer module, reservation module, menu module and also lastly the report generating module (Teng, 2014). Module for customer registration- this module has to be created in order to register the personal and other information regarding the customer ad finally all the information has to be recorded in the database for future reference. Online ordering and reservation module of the customer- this module is create to record all the information that has been provided by the customer on the form generated by this module in order the food and the reservations of the date of delivery. Module for the waiters and the staff- the personal information of all the staffs and the waiters are to be recorded in this module. They are also used to schedule their tasks as well as other information which might help to assess the performance of the waiters and all these are therefore recorded in the database. Feedback module- the feedback module is one of the most important modules in this system as it determines the success of the restaurant as well as the service provided by the restaurant to its customers it should provide feedback regarding the food as well as any suggestion scan be send by the customer regarding any services they might to alter in the system to make it better. Module for menu- the menu module will provide the customers with the menu of the restaurant in order to choose the food they want to have. Report generating module- the option to generate a report can be obtained through this module which will contain details like the report regarding the choice of order of the customer as well as the mode of dining, the information about the customer as well as the waiter in the report, the report ay also contain the suggest ad the comment of the customer as well as the profit made from the business (Ert and Fleischer, 2014). Conclusion The online system will be of great benefit to the customer as well as the administrator of the restaurant. It is one of the most common problems of any restaurant nowadays as they face problems due to manual calculations as well as the queue the customers have to face due to the presence of such manual operation. The presence of such online and automatic system will also help to reduce the queue as well as the inconvenience caused to the customers, as they can be informed about the availability of the menu and the time within which their food will be prepared while they are at the comfort of their homes. This process will also help to generate business as more people ad orders ca be processed by the restaurant without the hassle of making their customers wait for food. This system will be able to overcome the problem of customer of customer satisfaction pretty well. References Ert, E. and Fleischer, A. (2014). Mere Position Effect in Booking Hotels Online.Journal of Travel Research. Gaynor, J. and Brown, D. (2012). An Online Booking System Encourages Self-Directed Learning and Personalization of Study.J. Chem. Educ., 89(8), pp.1019-1024. Piolatto, A. (n.d.). Online Booking and Information: Competition and Welfare Consequences of Review Aggregators.SSRN Journal. Queyranne, M. and Ball, M. (n.d.). Toward Robust Revenue Management: Competitive Analysis of Online Booking.SSRN Journal. Teng, P. (2014). Online Room-Booking System Based on Database.AMM, 513-517, pp.1748-1751.